National differences in gender-science stereotypes predict national sex differences in science and math achievement.
نویسندگان
چکیده
About 70% of more than half a million Implicit Association Tests completed by citizens of 34 countries revealed expected implicit stereotypes associating science with males more than with females. We discovered that nation-level implicit stereotypes predicted nation-level sex differences in 8th-grade science and mathematics achievement. Self-reported stereotypes did not provide additional predictive validity of the achievement gap. We suggest that implicit stereotypes and sex differences in science participation and performance are mutually reinforcing, contributing to the persistent gender gap in science engagement.
منابع مشابه
Implicit Math Cognitions 1 Implicit social cognitions predict sex differences in math engagement and achievement
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
دوره 106 26 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2009